The Stalinist era Gulags of Kazakhstan are now memorialised by museums and monuments.
ALZhIR, the Akmolinsk Camp of Wives of Traitors to the Motherland was a labour camp of the Gulag in the Akmola Region of Soviet Kazakhstan.
KarLag or the Karaganda Corrective Labour Camp was one of the largest Gulag labour camps in the USSR. It was located in Karaganda Oblast in the Kazakh SSR, now the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan.
Spassk was the site of a KarLag camp where foreign prisoners of war were kept after WWII. Beside the highway is the mass grave of around 5000 prisoners.